The Effect of COVID-19 on Tuberculosis Notification in Adamawa and Taraba States, North Eastern, Nigeria
Authors
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Danjuma Jibasen
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Modibbo Adama University, Yola.
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I. J. Dike
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Modibbo Adama University, Yola.
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Barma Modu
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Modibbo Adama University, Yola.
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Chukuma Anyaike
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Modibbo Adama University, Yola.
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Chukuma Anyaike
National Tuberculosis Programme, Nigeria
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Emperor Ubochioma
National Tuberculosis Programme, Nigeria
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Obioma Chijioke-Akaniro
National Tuberculosis Programme, Nigeria
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L. B. Gundiri
National Tuberculosis Programme, Nigeria
Abstract
Tuberculosis control is dependent on early case detection and timelyrn notification to health facilities to ensure appropriate treatment of cases andrn screening of contacts. This study considers the effect of COVID-19 onrn tuberculosis notification. Records on all TB cases were retrieved from sixrn selected local government areas (LGAs) in Adamawa and Taraba States,rn with three from each State, the data cover a period of five years, 2017-2021.rn A total of 9877 cases consisting of 3764 (38.1%) from Adamawa and 6113rn (61.9%) from Taraba State were retrieved. The data was analysed at both thern bivariate and multivariate levels. The results were interpreted using thern odds ratio (OR), and variable and interactions were deemed significant if thern P-value associated with the odds ratio is < 0.05. The results revealed that TBrn notification increased by about 49.7% and 47.4% in Adamawa and Tarabarn States respectively in year 2021. Furthermore, the results showed, HIVrn positive patients accounted for 1298 (13.1%), HIV negative patientsrn accounted for 7476 (75.7%), while 1103 (11.2%) of all the patients did notrn have their HIV status recorded. Also, across age groups, cases notificationrn are more likely in younger age groups than older patients, particularly,rn childhood TB is more likely with; ages 0-4 (OR=4.228, 3.601, 2.362 andrn 3.968) respectively, for year 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2021, ages 4-15 (OR=rn 1.066,1.950, 1.1020) respectively, for year 2017, 2018 and 2021. Thisrn study recommends that governments at all levels should ensure continuityrn of essential health services during and after outbreak and/or emergencies,rn also, that the incidences of childhood TB need to be investigated.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, COVID-19, Case notification, Odds ratio, North Eastern Nigeria